沼氣生物脫硫是20世紀(jì)90年代發(fā)展起來的新技術(shù)，在國外已得到了廣泛研究，在應(yīng)用方面也取得了很大進展。
Biodesulfurization of biogas is a new technology developed in the 1990s. It has been widely studied abroad and made great progress in application.
沼氣生物脫硫技術(shù)包括生物過濾法、生物吸附法和生物滴濾法，三種系統(tǒng)均屬開放系統(tǒng)，其微生物種群隨環(huán)境改變而變化。在沼氣生物脫硫過程中，氧化態(tài)的含硫污染物需要先經(jīng)生物還原作用生成硫化物或H2S然后再經(jīng)生物氧化過程生成單質(zhì)硫，才能去除。在大多數(shù)生物反應(yīng)器中，微生物種類以細(xì)菌為主，真菌為次，極少有酵母菌。常用的細(xì)菌是硫桿菌屬的氧化亞鐵硫桿菌，脫氮硫桿菌及排硫桿菌。成功的代表是氧化亞鐵硫桿菌，其生長的pH值為2.0～2.2。
Biodesulfurization technology of biogas includes biofiltration, biosorption and biotrickling filtration. The three systems are open systems, and their microbial populations change with the change of environment. In the biological desulfurization process of biogas, oxidized sulfur pollutants need to be first generated into sulfide or H2S through biological reduction, and then generated into elemental sulfur through biological oxidation process to be removed. In most bioreactors, microorganisms are mainly bacteria, fungi are secondary, and yeast is rare. The commonly used bacteria are Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, Thiobacillus denitrificans and Thiobacillus denitrificans. The most successful representative is Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, whose growth pH is 2.0~2.2.
沼氣濕法脫硫
Wet desulfurization of biogas
沼氣濕法脫硫可以歸納分為物理吸收法、化學(xué)吸收法和氧化法三種。物理和化學(xué)方法存在硫化氫再處理問題，氧化法是以堿性溶液為吸收劑，并加入載氧體為催化劑，吸收H2S，并將其氧化成單質(zhì)硫，濕法氧化法是把脫硫劑溶解在水中，液體進入設(shè)備，與沼氣混合，沼氣中的硫化氫（H2S）與液體產(chǎn)生氧化反應(yīng)，生成單質(zhì)硫吸收硫化氫的液體有氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鈣、碳酸鈉、硫酸亞鐵等。成熟的氧化脫硫法，脫硫效率可達99.5%以上。
The wet desulfurization of biogas can be divided into physical absorption method, chemical absorption method and oxidation method. The physical and chemical methods have the problem of hydrogen sulfide reprocessing. The oxidation method uses alkaline solution as the absorbent and oxygen carrier as the catalyst to absorb H2S and oxidize it into elemental sulfur. The wet oxidation method uses the desulfurizer to dissolve in water, the liquid enters the equipment and mixes with biogas. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in biogas reacts with the liquid to generate elemental sulfur and absorb hydrogen sulfide, including sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate Ferrous sulfate, etc. With mature oxidation desulfurization method, the desulfurization efficiency can reach above 99.5%.
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2022-09-15
